雅思阅读：看不懂题也能做对吗？

　填空题是雅思阅读的必考题型，从难易程度上，填空题亦是基础题型，只要略有词汇和语法基础，都可以轻松应对。
　　填空题重点在分析空格的词性，降低对词汇和句子的理解要求，简化填空题的解题步骤，少走弯路。
　　北京新东方英联邦项目雅思VIP阅读组来帮大家分析一下，下面基于空格前后特征，分为五种情况来看：
　　1. 冠词
　　C511 Q7 As a reward for his hard work， he was granted a ________ by the king.
　　定位句：The Dictionary， together with his other writing， made Johnson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were able to prevail upon King George III to offer him a pension.
　　分析：根据冠词a/an/the之后接名词，所以空格填一个名词单数，根据King找到定位句后，迅速提取名词单数，只有一个pension
　　C712 Q6 In fact， the sensation is more similar to the way in which pain from a ________ arm or leg might be felt.
　　定位句：although the sensation may be referred to the front of the face， like the referred pain in a phantom limb.
　　分析：冠词之后接名词，但冠词和名词中间可以有修饰语，所以本题a为冠词，arm为名词，中间这个就应该缺的是个定语，也就是形容词或名词，找到定位句后，根据冠词a可以锁定a phantom limb，根据阅读的出题套路，limb应作为arm or leg的同义替换呈现，所以答案是phantom.
　　2. 介词
　　C543 Q38 Desert annuals respond to __________ as a signal for reproduction.
　　定位句：For example， desert annuals germinate， flower and seed whenever suitable rainfall occurs， regardless of the day length.
　　分析：to 有介词和不定式两种用法，在雅思阅读中，大多数to在填空题空格前多出现为介词，所以，根据介词接名词的用法，本题答案应为名词或动名词，定位句有两处名词词组，分别是suitable rainfall， 以及day length， 但是后者前有否定后缀词regardless，题干无否定，所以答案就是suitable rainfall.
　　C931 Q10 Linguists who take this approach to language place great importance on grammatical _______.
　　定位句：The authoritarian nature of the approach is best characterized by its reliance on ‘rules’ of grammar.
　　分析：介词之后接名词，但介词和名词中间可以有修饰语，题干上grammatical是常见ical形容词后缀结尾的单词，所以空格填名词，定位句中在grammr
　　3. 形容词和副词
　　C622 Q16 It also seems that these diseases are affecting people ________ in life than they did in the past.
　　分析：通过已知信息判断答案的词性，为副词比较级，排除干扰选项，summary选项仅剩下later和earlier， 结合文章大标题“ greying population stays in the pink”，即可得出答案later，如有时间，最好能到原文验证，找到定位句”He says the problems doctor accepted as normal in a 65-year-old in 1985 are often not appearing until people are 70 or 75.” 答案依旧符合。
　　C1111 Q5： The fact that vertical farms would need________ light is a disadvantage.
　　定位句：A major drawback of vertical farming， however， is that the plants would require artificial light.
　　分析：通过名词light预测空格为定语，也就是形容词或名词，找到定位句，直接填写light之前的artificial即可。
　　4. 谓语动词
　　C543 Q34 Day length is a useful cue for breeding in areas where ________ are unpredictable.
　　定位句：Day length is an excellent cue， because it provides a perfectly predictable pattern of change within the year. In the temperate zone in spring， temperatures fluctuate greatly from day to day， but day length increases steadily by a predictable amount.
　　分析：根据空格后面的are，空格所需的是一个做主语的复数名词。定位句中只有一个名词复数，极temperatures。
　　C1111 Q6 One form of vertical farming involves planting ______ which are not fixed.
　　定位句：One variation on vertical farming that has been developed is to grow plants in stacked trays that move on rails.
　　分析：根据从句动词are，可以得出被修饰的先行词应该为名词复数，找到定位句后，有两处名词复数，根据plants，可以得知答案应为stacked trays。
　　5. 并列关系
　　C1032 Q21 Red leaves are most abundant when daytime weather conditions are _________ and sunny.
　　定位句：It has also been recognised for decades that the best conditions for intense red colours are dry， sunny days and cool nights， conditions that nicely match those that make leaves susceptible to excess light.
　　分析：根据并列关系，sunny为形容词，空格一般以相同的格式表现，即也为形容词，定位后，跟sunny在文中并列的为cool nights，根据预测，答案是形容词cool。
　　C622 Q19 Increases in some other illnesses may be due to changes in personal habits and to ___________.
　　定位句：An increase in some cancers and bronchitis may reflect changing smoking habits and poorer air quality， say the researchers.
　　分析：根据并列关系中to这个信号词，空格应跟前一个to changes并列，所以空格应与changes同词性，即名词，所以找到定位句中的线索并列关系后的poorer air quality， 结合summary的选项中相关的名词，应填写意思最相近的名词pollution。
　　如果同学们能灵活预测空格范围，准确把握做题导向，让你看不懂也能做对题。